To show version use:
docker run minio/minio version
EDIT 2020:
To show version use:
docker run minio/minio --version
To get latest image of minio, use:
docker pull minio/minio
When it comes to volumes and data it depends on how you stared container
If
docker run -d -p 9000:9000 -v /my/local/path:/export minio/minio server /export
so you have data in you local (host) path /my local/path
And you can do with container whatever you want
If not I'm not sure whether docker pull destroy your data or not. So I recommend you to copy data from container
docker cp [OPTIONS] CONTAINER:SRC_PATH DEST_PATH|-
before you do get started.