I don't think there is a way to force using gallery - current trend is more on using camera (and suggesting using front or back) rather than disabling it.
However, there is a similar question on SO (but focus on type of capture) where that answerer has pointed to some ways of input attribute you may try out:
original SO: https://stackoverflow.com/a/40512470/2564920
More detail test he has done regard to the mobile capture: https://addpipe.com/blog/correct-syntax-html-media-capture/
A test page which you can try out: https://addpipe.com/html-media-capture-demo/
specifically one setting which is
<input type="file" accept="image/*" capture="filesystem">
looks promising - but probably won't work (since this syntax is deprecated and capture attribute in newer spec is used to say you want to use camera - choosing between front or back camera source)