I figured this one out, so answer incoming.
After upgrading Visual Studio 2017 RC to RTM, it bugged me that the Open with menu in Windows still shows the old application name.
My understanding is upgrading from RC to RTM is officially supported. Opening the application and rebooting the computer both had no effect. So, why doesn't the name get changed?
I searched the registry and found the old application name in the MUICache under HKCU. Apparently Windows stores names there for performance reasons.
If you don't want to edit the registry manually, you may also use a tool from NirSoft called MUICacheView to edit it.
There is a String value under this registry key which contains the old name:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Classes\Local Settings\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Shell\MuiCache
In my case I found the String value data of Microsoft Visual Studio 2017 RC and changed it to Microsoft Visual Studio 2017.
This fixed it immediately.
