Yes, you can use Solr-JDBC with Jetty, just have to configure the database connection for it. Start with naming the database connector in web.xml:
<resource-ref>
<description>My Stopword Datasource</description>
<res-ref-name>jdbc/stopwords</res-ref-name>
<res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>
<res-auth>Container</res-auth>
</resource-ref>
Then, go on with the actual configuration in jetty.xml file, a WEB-INF/jetty-env.xml file, or a context XML file:
<New id="stopwords" class="org.eclipse.jetty.plus.jndi.Resource">
<Arg></Arg>
<Arg>jdbc/stopwords</Arg>
<Arg>
<New class="com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.MysqlConnectionPoolDataSource">
<Set name="Url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/databasename</Set>
<Set name="User">user</Set>
<Set name="Password">pass</Set>
</New>
</Arg>
</New>
At this point, you can use the Solr-JDBC as you would use it with a Tomcat:
<filter class="com.s24.search.solr.analysis.jdbc.JdbcStopFilterFactory"
sql="SELECT stopword FROM stopwords"
jndiName="jdbc/stopwords"/>