git: move commit before merge

Question

My history tree currently looks like this:

I'd like to apply commit b3 to branch master. Of course I could merge again branch feature into master but history will look messy with two merge commits (a6, and a4 that is just useless now):

Thus, what I'd like to know, is how to make a4 now point on b3 instead of b2? _{I acknowledge SHA1s will be different, and thus commits will be renamed a4' and a5'}

From master, do `git rebase -p b3`. That should preserve the merge but move it after `b3`. — poke, Jan 02 '17 at 19:43
@poke thx! Should I be on `a4` state to do this, or is it working if I'm on `a5`? — ebosi, Jan 02 '17 at 19:45

score 3 · Accepted Answer · answered Jan 02 '17 at 20:39

From the master branch, you can simply rebase onto the new b3 while preserving merges using the --preserve-merges option (or -p in short):

git rebase -p feature

That way, when Git rebases, it will not attempt to flatten the merge, but instead recreate it on top of the new base commit. So your history will look like this:

                               master
                                 ↓
a1 -- a2 -- a3 --------- a4' -- a5'
        \                /
         \              /
          b1 -- b2 -- b3
                      ↑
                   feature

Compared to the following when not using the --preserve-merges flag:

                                      master
                                        ↓
a1 -- a2                 a3' -- a4' -- a5'
        \                /
         \              /
          b1 -- b2 -- b3
                      ↑
                   feature

OP should (and, I see, did) note that the result is a new (different) merge, with different hash and different tree. As you say, rebase re-*creates* (i.e., make a *new*) merge that supplants the old one. Anyway, upvoted. :-) — torek, Jan 03 '17 at 03:48
@torek Yeah, I use the `x'` notion to denote that it’s a recreated commit based on the original `x` :) — poke, Jan 03 '17 at 07:14

git: move commit before merge

1 Answers1