There might be a way to sort of fake this in SSRS, however I am not sure this will be a workable solution. You would need to create a new parameter for all the columns you want to filter on. Depending on your input, multiple values or singular values, check the correct checkbox in the General screen, and create a dataset of each column.
Select Distinct [Column] From [Table]. Then you can add these values in 'Available Values', Get values from a query, and specify the dataset. Finally you need to filter the main dataset on the parameter. Column equals Parameter, or Column IN Parameter for multi-select. You may run into some NULLs, but these are easily handled, just use an IsNothing() expression to exclude them. This will then require selecting a parameter value at report execution, but you can specify and default value to return everything. This obviously causes a postback to apply changes to the filter, so again, it may not be a workable solution