LSH is a popular algorithm for ANN.
k-d Tree is maybe the most popular solution for exactly solving NN.
However, reading this survey I found these structures and I don't understand which ones are for solving NN or ANN:
- quad/oct-tree
- ball-tree
- R-Tree
- M-Tree
I didn't found any survey dedicated to ANN, so I think that all of these are for NN and for metric spaces (they cannot be used for non-metric spaces).