Can not import jQuery with Typescript with Angular cli

Question

I did:

npm install jquery --save
npm install @types/jquery --save-dev

Changed the angularcli.json to update the internal webpack configuration:

  "scripts": ["../node_modules/jquery/dist/jquery.js"],

Then I imported it into my component.ts

 import * as $ from 'jquery';

Or

 import * as jquery from 'jquery';

Both did not help!

When I run this code:

  alert($("button")[0].innerText);

or any other code with the '$' variable.

Then I get this error during runtime:

error_handler.js:45EXCEPTION: Uncaught (in promise): TypeError: __WEBPACK_IMPORTED_MODULE_8_jquery__.getJSON is not a functionErrorHandler.handleError 

Why must it be so complicated? How can I fix that mess?