We had the same problem but it looks like we managed to find a workaround. It seems that Cordova-spatialite-storage plugin has some issues with opening/creating a database if database does not already exist. If database exists, you should be fine but only if you also added cordova-plugin-file plugin.
Try these steps:
- copy existing spatialite database to device (e.g. file:///storage/emulated/0/Download/database.sqlite - just for the sake of testing, later you should move it to more appropriate location)
- add cordova-plugin-file plugin
- check if cordova-plugin-compat plugin is also added
- add cordova-spatialite-storage plugin
Try to open database with name: 'file:///storage/emulated/0/Download/database.sqlite' and run some spatial queries. It should work.
Please let me know how it went.