see mod_rewrite as its a part of apache mod_rewrite handling this, not the laravel framework alone. see into public/.htaccess file .
I don't see any reason to do this. But as you want to know i am telling. I don't recommend this as its avoiding some purposes of the framework.
At first what you need to do is edit your .htaccess file rewrite rules to enable php extension. i can't say much as i don't see those files here.
Second thing is that all requests will be by default redirected to index.php . see one of my laravel project public/ folder .htaccess file. you need to look into yours and modify that, there is lot of ways you can modify according to your needs. there could be other .htaccess files
for extension changing part look here
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^(.*)/$ /$1 [L,R=301]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteRule ^ index.php [L]
part for changing index.php
my .htaccess file as it is not modified
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
<IfModule mod_negotiation.c>
Options -MultiViews
</IfModule>
RewriteEngine On
# Redirect Trailing Slashes If Not A Folder...
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^(.*)/$ /$1 [L,R=301]
# Handle Front Controller...
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteRule ^ index.php [L]
# Handle Authorization Header
RewriteCond %{HTTP:Authorization} .
RewriteRule .* - [E=HTTP_AUTHORIZATION:%{HTTP:Authorization}]