Have you enabled the PuppetLabs package repositories? Depending on the version of Ubuntu your on, you should do something like this:
curl https://apt.puppetlabs.com/puppetlabs-release-trusty.deb > /tmp/puppetlabs-release-trusty.deb
dpkg -i /tmp/puppetlabs-release-trusty.deb
apt-get update
apt-get -y install puppetserver
I just span up a clean Trusty server and running this script worked for me:
root@trustytest:~# bash install_puppet_server.sh
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
100 7384 100 7384 0 0 126k 0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 128k
(Reading database ... 153167 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../puppetlabs-release-trusty.deb ...
Unpacking puppetlabs-release (1.0-11) over (1.0-11) ...
Setting up puppetlabs-release (1.0-11) ...
Ign http://apt.puppetlabs.com trusty InRelease
...trimmed for text limit
Ign http://mirrors.digitalocean.com trusty/main Translation-en_US
Ign http://mirrors.digitalocean.com trusty/multiverse Translation-en_US
Ign http://mirrors.digitalocean.com trusty/restricted Translation-en_US
Ign http://mirrors.digitalocean.com trusty/universe Translation-en_US
Reading package lists... Done
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
linux-headers-3.13.0-57 linux-headers-3.13.0-57-generic
linux-headers-3.13.0-61 linux-headers-3.13.0-61-generic
linux-image-3.13.0-57-generic linux-image-3.13.0-61-generic
linux-image-extra-3.13.0-57-generic linux-image-extra-3.13.0-61-generic
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
The following extra packages will be installed:
augeas-lenses ca-certificates-java debconf-utils facter fontconfig-config
fonts-dejavu-core hiera java-common libasyncns0 libaugeas-ruby libaugeas0
libavahi-client3 libavahi-common-data libavahi-common3 libcups2 libflac8
libfontconfig1 libjpeg-turbo8 libjpeg8 liblcms2-2 libnspr4 libnss3
libnss3-nssdb libogg0 libpulse0 libruby1.9.1 libsctp1 libsndfile1
libvorbis0a libvorbisenc2 lksctp-tools openjdk-7-jre-headless puppet
puppet-common ruby ruby-augeas ruby-json ruby-shadow ruby1.9.1 tzdata-java
virt-what
Suggested packages:
augeas-doc default-jre equivs augeas-tools cups-common liblcms2-utils
pulseaudio icedtea-7-jre-jamvm libnss-mdns sun-java6-fonts
fonts-dejavu-extra fonts-ipafont-gothic fonts-ipafont-mincho
ttf-wqy-microhei ttf-wqy-zenhei ttf-indic-fonts-core ttf-telugu-fonts
ttf-oriya-fonts ttf-kannada-fonts ttf-bengali-fonts puppet-el vim-puppet
ruby-selinux libselinux-ruby1.8 librrd-ruby1.9.1 librrd-ruby1.8 ri ruby-dev
ruby1.9.1-examples ri1.9.1 graphviz ruby1.9.1-dev
Recommended packages:
rdoc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
augeas-lenses ca-certificates-java debconf-utils facter fontconfig-config
fonts-dejavu-core hiera java-common libasyncns0 libaugeas-ruby libaugeas0
libavahi-client3 libavahi-common-data libavahi-common3 libcups2 libflac8
libfontconfig1 libjpeg-turbo8 libjpeg8 liblcms2-2 libnspr4 libnss3
libnss3-nssdb libogg0 libpulse0 libruby1.9.1 libsctp1 libsndfile1
libvorbis0a libvorbisenc2 lksctp-tools openjdk-7-jre-headless puppet
puppet-common puppetserver ruby ruby-augeas ruby-json ruby-shadow ruby1.9.1
tzdata-java virt-what
0 upgraded, 42 newly installed, 0 to remove and 67 not upgraded.
Need to get 89.8 MB of archives.
After this operation, 143 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://apt.puppetlabs.com/ trusty/main facter all 2.4.6-1puppetlabs1 [73.3 kB]
Get:2 http://apt.puppetlabs.com/ trusty/main hiera all 1.3.4-1puppetlabs1 [12.0 kB]
Get:3 http://apt.puppetlabs.com/ trusty/main puppet-common all 3.8.6-1puppetlabs1 [1,269 kB]
Get:4 http://apt.puppetlabs.com/ trusty/main puppet all 3.8.6-1puppetlabs1 [9,310 B]
Get:5 http://apt.puppetlabs.com/ trusty/main puppetserver all 1.1.3-1puppetlabs1 [41.7 MB]
Get:6 http://ppa.launchpad.net/brightbox/ruby-ng/ubuntu/ trusty/main libruby1.9.1 amd64 1:1.9.3.551-2bbox1~trusty1 [2,962 kB]
Get:7 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main libasyncns0 amd64 0.8-4ubuntu2 [11.9 kB]
Get:8 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main libavahi-common-data amd64 0.6.31-4ubuntu1 [21.2 kB]
Get:9 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main libavahi-common3 amd64 0.6.31-4ubuntu1 [21.7 kB]
Get:10 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main libavahi-client3 amd64 0.6.31-4ubuntu1 [25.1 kB]
Get:11 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main libcups2 amd64 1.7.2-0ubuntu1.7 [179 kB]
Get:12 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main libogg0 amd64 1.3.1-1ubuntu1 [17.0 kB]
Get:13 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main libflac8 amd64 1.3.0-2ubuntu0.14.04.1 [80.2 kB]
Get:14 http://ppa.launchpad.net/brightbox/ruby-ng/ubuntu/ trusty/main ruby1.9.1 amd64 1:1.9.3.551-2bbox1~trusty1 [236 kB]
Get:15 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ trusty/main fonts-dejavu-core all 2.34-1ubuntu1 [1,024 kB]
Get:16 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main fontconfig-config all 2.11.0-0ubuntu4.1 [47.4 kB]
...trimmed for text limit
Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-16) ...
Hey presto, installed!
root@trustytest:~# puppetserver --version
puppetserver version: 1.1.3