Espresso UI testing doesn't recognize onView()

Question

I have spent all day setting up Junit4 instrumentation tests with Espresso, but just can't seem to get that final step. No matter what I do it won't recognize the onView() method. I have tried multiple SDK/support-lib versions and so far nothing. I have gone through all the google setup guides and many stackoverflow posts, turning here as my last hope.

Gradle version : com.android.tools.build:gradle:1.5.0

Gradle file:

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
apply plugin: 'com.google.gms.google-services'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 23
    buildToolsVersion "23.0.2"
    useLibrary  'org.apache.http.legacy'

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "lv.my.android"
        minSdkVersion 9
        targetSdkVersion 22
        testApplicationId "lv.my.android.tests"
        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }

    packagingOptions {
        exclude 'LICENSE.txt'
        exclude 'META-INF/DEPENDENCIES'
        exclude 'META-INF/LICENSE'
        exclude 'META-INF/NOTICE'
    }

    compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility = 'VERSION_1_7'
        targetCompatibility = 'VERSION_1_7'
    }

    signingConfigs {
        beta {
            storeFile file("beta.keystore")
            storePassword "betabuild"
            keyAlias "key"
            keyPassword "betabuild"
        }
        release
    }

    buildTypes {
        debug {
            debuggable true
            applicationIdSuffix '.debug'
            versionNameSuffix '-DEV'
            minifyEnabled false
        }

        beta {
            debuggable true
            applicationIdSuffix '.beta'
            versionNameSuffix '-BETA'
            signingConfig signingConfigs.beta
            minifyEnabled false
        }

        release {
            minifyEnabled false
        }
    }
}

dependencies {
    compile files('src/main/libs/guice-3.0-no_aop.jar')
    compile files('src/main/libs/javax.inject-1.jar')
    compile files('src/main/libs/roboguice-2.0.jar')
    compile files('src/main/libs/junit-4.11.jar')
    compile files('src/main/libs/hamcrest-core-1.3.jar')
    compile files('src/main/libs/GeoLib.jar')
    compile files('src/main/libs/GeoPolygons.jar')
    compile files('src/main/libs/universal-image-loader-1.9.4.jar')
    compile files('src/main/libs/javax.annotation-3.2-b06-sources.jar')
    compile 'uk.co.chrisjenx:calligraphy:2.1.0'
    compile 'com.squareup:otto:1.3.5'
    compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services:6.5.87'
    compile 'com.android.support:support-annotations:23.0.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.0.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:support-v4:23.0.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:palette-v7:23.0.1'
    compile 'com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:2.0.1'
    compile 'com.nineoldandroids:library:2.4.0'
    compile 'pl.charmas.android:android-reactive-location:0.4@aar'
    compile 'io.reactivex:rxjava:1.0.3'
    compile files('src/main/libs/FlurryAnalytics-6.1.0.jar')
    compile 'com.github.castorflex.smoothprogressbar:library:1.1.0'



    androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:testing-support-lib:0.1'
    androidTestCompile'com.android.support.test:runner:0.4.1'
    // Set this dependency to use JUnit 4 rules
    androidTestCompile'com.android.support.test:rules:0.4'
    // Set this dependency to build and run Espresso tests
    androidTestCompile'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.1'
    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
    testCompile "org.mockito:mockito-core:1.9.5"
}

My test (located in src/androidTest/java/lv/my/test)

package lv.my.test;

import android.support.test.rule.ActivityTestRule;
import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
import android.test.suitebuilder.annotation.LargeTest;
import lv.my.android.activities.LoginActivity;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
@LargeTest
public class LoginActivityTest {

    private String mStringToBetyped;

    @Rule
    public ActivityTestRule<LoginActivity> mActivityRule = new ActivityTestRule<>(LoginActivity.class);

    @Before
    public void initValidString() {

    }

    @Test
    public void changeText_sameActivity() {
//        onView not recognized here

    }
}

PS. I use roboguice could that be the issue?

try adding import statement as `import static android.support.test.espresso.Espresso.onView;` — Raghunandan, Jan 21 '16 at 15:32

score 86 · Accepted Answer · answered Jan 21 '16 at 15:34

86

You should either use a static import:

import static android.support.test.espresso.Espresso.onView;

or

import android.support.test.espresso.Espresso;

and call it in the following way

Espresso.onView()

answered Jan 21 '16 at 15:34

Egor

39,695
10
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20

Wow, it worked. None of examples or tutorials mentioned this, it just showed that it should work out of the box. So I got this working `Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.registerButton))` – somerandomusername Jan 21 '16 at 15:49
4

So why doesn't it say anything about this in here : http://developer.android.com/training/testing/ui-testing/espresso-testing.html#build – somerandomusername Jan 21 '16 at 15:51
4

am we suppose to figure that ourselves?!! non of the android documentations mention that, I don't know why – Muhammed Refaat Nov 17 '16 at 02:35
2

Below are other functions to import. Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.uname_edt)) ViewActions.typeText("aaaa") ViewActions.click()) ViewAssertions.matches(ViewMatchers.withText("bbb") ViewActions.closeSoftKeyboard() – Ashok Reddy Narra Apr 09 '19 at 09:23

emen · Answer 2 · 2016-10-11T09:05:27.703

20

To extend what Egor has suggested, in Android Studio, once you get red text at onView(), simply press alt+enter when the red bulb popped up. Then choose static import.

edited Oct 11 '16 at 09:05

answered Sep 07 '16 at 08:13

emen

6,050
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+1 this works. A fascinating key stroke. I am having problem with withId as well and did just as you mentioned and it suggested to static import with `matchers.ViewMatchers`. Thanks a lot! – Neon Warge Sep 10 '16 at 13:54

score 8 · Answer 3 · answered Jul 28 '19 at 09:15

8

For AndroidX use this

import androidx.test.espresso.Espresso.onView

answered Jul 28 '19 at 09:15

OhhhThatVarun

3,981
2
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49

score 2 · Answer 4 · answered Oct 11 '17 at 10:03

2

Keep writing. Android Studio will suggest the needed Espresso imports, from the 'inside out'. For example: onView(withId()) First will detect withId(), then onView()

answered Oct 11 '17 at 10:03

Pedro Gonzalez

1,429
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30

score 0 · Answer 5 · answered Oct 11 '22 at 10:14

0

If your test file is in test folder and not in androidTest, then in Gradle file in dependencies, instead of "androidTest..." use "test..." for this dependency.

answered Oct 11 '22 at 10:14

Dragan N

21
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Espresso UI testing doesn't recognize onView()

5 Answers5