binding variables to SQL statements using node-sqlite3

Question

I am trying to convert this:

var query_string = 'SELECT protein_A, protein_B, PIPE_score, site1_A_start FROM ' + organism + PIPE_output_table +
        ' WHERE ' + score_type + ' > ' + cutoff['range'] + ' AND protein_A = "' + item + '" ' +
        'UNION SELECT protein_A, protein_B, PIPE_score, site1_A_start FROM ' + organism + PIPE_output_table +
        ' WHERE ' + score_type + ' > ' + cutoff['range'] + ' AND protein_B = "' + item + '";';

 db.each(query_string, function (err, row) { 
  ...

To this:

var query_string = "SELECT protein_A, protein_B, PIPE_score, site1_A_start FROM $table WHERE $score_type > $score AND protein_A = '$protein'" +
        " UNION SELECT protein_A, protein_B, PIPE_score, site1_A_start FROM $table WHERE $score_type > $score AND protein_A = '$protein'";

    var placeholders = {
        $table: organism + PIPE_output_table,
        $score_type: score_type,
        $score: cutoff['range'],
        $protein: item
    };

    var stmt = db.prepare(query_string, placeholders, function(err) {
        console.log(err);
        stmt.each(function(err,row) {
            ...
        })
    }

but I keep getting this error: Error: SQLITE_ERROR: near "$table": syntax error

But I am not sure what is syntactically wrong here since the format is as I have seen it in the API documentation. I have tried '?', '@', and ':' before each variables but none seem to be recognized. What's wrong in my code?

score 1 · Accepted Answer · edited May 23 '17 at 12:04

Bind parameters only work for values in the WHERE clause. Table and column names (collectively called "identifiers") won't work.

"SELECT foo FROM bar WHERE this = $that"    # OK

"SELECT foo FROM bar WHERE $this = 'that'"  # Not OK

Normally you'd work around this by escaping and quoting identifiers and inserting them into the query. A good database library has a method call for this...

var this = db.quote_literal(input_column);
'SELECT foo FROM bar WHERE ' + this + ' = ?'

Unfortunately, node-sqlite3 doesn't appear to have one. :(

SQLite does provide a quoting function, the %w operator, but node-sqlite3 doesn't appear to make it available.

You'll have to write your own. Follow the instructions from this answer in Python and convert them to Javascript.

Ensure the string can be encoded as UTF-8.
Ensure the string does not include any NUL characters.
Replace all " with "".
Wrap the entire thing in double quotes.

I'm not very good with Javascript, so I'll leave you to code that.

Oh I see, Thanks again for your help :) – Haitham Fallatah Dec 16 '15 at 18:48 — Haitham Fallatah, Dec 16 '15 at 18:48

binding variables to SQL statements using node-sqlite3

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