A Broker or hub and spoke is a integration pattern based on a centralized middleware.
And yes, JMS is an implementation of this pattern.
See this:
Integration Hubs
... When translating the concept of hub and
spoke to the world of integration it is useful to have a closer look
at what a connection between two systems really entails, i.e. what
does the line between two boxes really represent? In some cases, the
line might be a message queue, in other cases it might be a
publish-subscribe topic or in yet other cases it might be the URI. So
depending on the system, having a lot of lines might now immediately a
problem. While it sure would be a pain to setup a lot of message
queues, publish-subscribe topics and URI's are largely logical
concepts and having a lot of them night mean a bit more maintenance
but is unlikely to be the end of the world.
But the Hub-and-Spoke architecture also provides another significant
benefit -- it decouples sender and receiver by inserting an active
mediator in the middle - the hub. For example, this hub can perform
the important function of routing incoming messages to the correct
destination. As such, it decouples the sender of the message from
having to know the location of the receiver. Having all messages
travel though a central component is also great for logging messages
or to control message flow. The Hub-and-Spoke style applied in this
manner is commonly referred to as Message Broker because the hub
brokers messages between the participants.
Data Format Considerations
A Message Broker should also include a protocol translation and data
transformation function. For example, a message may arrive via a
message queue, but has to be passed on via HTTP. Also, location
transparency is only an illusion unless data format translation is
also provided. Otherwise, a change in the destination (i.e. a request
in form of a message is now being serviced by another component) is
very likely to require a change in the message data format. Without a
Message Translator in between, the message originator would also have
to be changed. Therefore, the implementation of this type of
Hub-and-Spoke architecture typically includes data format translation
capabilities.