OK, there is a new option now (since a few days ago) with Ghostscript for all those who are willing to compile it from the source. It is still 'bleeding edge', and not recommended for productive use. The rest of you will have to wait for the next official release.
The new option comes in the shape of a new 'device' called inkcov. This works similar to the 'bbox' device which spits out the BoundingBox values for each page: the 'inkcov' device spits out the C, M, Y and K values of ink coverage used for each page (a value of 1 corresponds to 100%). Be aware that the total sum of ink may be higher than 100% (like: mixing 100% of Yellow with 100% of Magenta gives the optical impression of 100% 'Red').
Try this command with a Ghostcript compiled from current Git source:
gs -o - -sDEVICE=inkcov /path/to/your.pdf
This will spit out an output similar to this one:
Page 1
0.20898 0.20905 0.41320 0.55001 CMYK OK
Page 2
0.33561 0.02026 0.21677 0.16750 CMYK OK
Page 3
0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 1.00000 CMYK OK
[....]
This little utility has been created by Sebastian Kapfer from the University of Erlangen and contributed to the Ghostscript source code. (Of course, it's still awaiting some heavy testing and verification, comparing its results to other similar tools.)