I have created a web page which has a form using HTML. I validate the entries made by the user using javascript, and then I read the data entered using doPost
method of HttpServlet
. Now, I want to store this data in a database. How do I proceed? What new things should I learn? Where does JSP and JDBC SQL come into picture? I am a newbie and trying to learn and implement.

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2 Answers
Now I want to store this data in a database. How do I proceed?
You need to learn JDBC, it's an API which provides methods to communicate with the database. SQL [Structure Query Language] is a language which is used to communicate with the database, you write your queries in SQL to extract & insert data to & fro from db. The best resource to start with SQL in opinion would be this.
JSP forms the view of the application. Each thing has its respective role.
Check out the image

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This question has some good answers as to how to go about learning Java based web development.
Either way, you have to start with Servlets and as for JSP, architecturally, JSP may be viewed as a high-level abstraction of Java servlets. JSPs are translated into servlets at runtime.
Then and only then move on to web frameworks. This compares different Java web frameworks out there. My personal preference is Spring MVC, it's also the most popular.
Learn what an ORM does and then move on to Hibernate which is an ORM for Java..