Yes, there is. The Google Custom Search API allows you to submit queries (including images) and retrieve results programmatically. There are even client libraries available for multiple languages.
EDIT: After OP changed his question, basically saying that he doesn't want to use the Google API, I can only refer to this(a bit outdated) question and quote the Google Terms of Service:
1.4 Appropriate Conduct. You shall not, and shall not allow any third party to: ... (i) directly or indirectly generate queries, or
impressions of or clicks on Results, through any automated, deceptive,
fraudulent or other invalid means (including, but not limited to,
click spam, robots, macro programs, and Internet agents);
So to recap, it is possible, but it is only legal via the API I linked above.