Yes, it's possible using one of the AMPScript lookup functions. Here's a simple example:
%%[
var @DEColumn1, @lookupValue
set @lookupValue = "whee"
set @DEColumn1 = Lookup("DataExtensionName", "ReturnColumn", "LookupColumn", @lookupValue)
]%%
DEColumn1 is %%=v(@DEColumn1)=%%
I have a few more examples of the different lookup types are here on my blog.
UPDATE: Example retrieving _Click data:
%%[
var @rows, @row, @rowCount, @numRowsToReturn, @lookupValue, @i
set @lookupValue = "aspriggs@degdigital.com"
set @numRowsToReturn = 0 /* 0 means all */
set @rows = LookupOrderedRows("_Click",@numRowsToReturn,"EventDate desc","SubscriberKey", @lookupValue)
set @rowCount = rowcount(@rows)
if @rowCount > 0 then
for @i = 1 to @rowCount do
var @jobID, @batchID
set @row = row(@rows,@i) /*get row based on loop counter */
set @jobID= field(@row,"jobID")
set @batchID= field(@row,"batchID")
]%%
Row %%=v(@i)=%%, jobID: %%=v(@jobID)=%%, batchID: %%=v(@batchID)=%%<br>
%%[
next @i ]%%
%%[ else ]%%
No rows found
%%[ endif ]%%
Reference: System data views