My goal is to recognize specific types of traffic signs: red circles on video in real time.
2 Answers
Scikit-Image and OpenCV are both great for their respective uses. Unfortunately, as far as I know, Scikit-Image doesn't have the ability to do real-time video. OpenCV is much better for this problem.
If you don't know where to begin, here's a great tutorial series. It is exactly what you're asking, just substitute a stop-sign trained classifier for the face trained classifier. https://pythonprogramming.net/haar-cascade-face-eye-detection-python-opencv-tutorial/
Use a Haar cascade for the sign detection. I found with a quick search for 'Stop sign Haar cascade' that other people already have created trained classifiers like this http://www.cs.utah.edu/~turcsans/DUC_files/HaarCascades/
On the page, download haarcascade_stop.xml

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Scikit-image can actually to real-time video; it relies on imageio and imageio-ffmpeg for this. You may need to be a bit more careful which algorithms you use, though, since some are implemented in python which makes them slow compared to a pure C implementation. – FirefoxMetzger Aug 22 '21 at 19:54
In my opinion OpenCV is better choice for you. You can find many tutorial for your goal. Here is a simple tutorial for beginners;
http://opencv-python-tutroals.readthedocs.io/en/latest/py_tutorials/py_tutorials.html