positioning labels on geom_bar

Question

I am trying to create a horizontal bar chart with category labels using ggplot.

I have been able to create the plot without hassles, and can put labels on, however I suffer issues with the formatting. Ultimately I would like to have my label within the bar if it fits, otherwise just outside the bar without truncating the label.

The following are what I have tried so far.

Data

dt1 <- data.table(x=c("a","b","c","d","e"), y=c(43,52,296,102,157), y2=c(50,10,100,45,80))

Chart 1

ggplot() + geom_bar(data=dt1, aes(x=x, y=y), stat="identity",fill="red") + coord_flip() +
  geom_text(data=dt1, aes(x=x, y=y, label=paste0("$",y," from ",y2," records")),hjust=0)

As you can see below the labels get truncated.

Chart 2

I then came across this question which was helpful and made me realise that I was setting the label position based on my y variable so I have hardcoded it now and use hjust to pad it from the axis.

ggplot() + geom_bar(data=dt1, aes(x=x, y=y), stat="identity",fill="red") + coord_flip() +
  geom_text(data=dt1, aes(x=x, y=0, label=paste0("$",y," from ",y2," records")),hjust=-0.1)

But you can see below that only 2 of the labels fit within the bar, so I would prefer the others to be placed at the end, on the outside of the bar like in chart 1.

Is there a programatic way I can get the best of both worlds from chart 1 and chart 2?

Answer 1

Here is one way. It is a bit lengthy approach, but you can subset your data for geom_text. In this way, you can manually assign the position you want for each bar.

ggplot() + 
geom_bar(data = dt1, aes(x=x, y=y), stat="identity",fill="red") +
coord_flip() +
geom_text(data = filter(dt1, x == "e" | x == "c"),
     aes(x=x, y=0, label=paste0("$",y," from ",y2," records")),hjust = -0.1) +
geom_text(data = filter(dt1, x == "d"),
     aes(x=x, y=0, label=paste0("$",y," from ",y2," records")),hjust = - 1.1) +
geom_text(data = filter(dt1, x == "b"),
     aes(x=x, y=0, label=paste0("$",y," from ",y2," records")),hjust = - 0.6) +
geom_text(data = filter(dt1, x == "a"),
     aes(x=x, y=0, label=paste0("$",y," from ",y2," records")),hjust = - 0.5) 

Answer 2

Move the hjust into the aes so we may vary off the value, then move it if the bar is a certain way past the max. It’s a bit hacky still, since it makes assumptions about the scaling, but looks pretty good. Divisor may need tweaking:

library(tidyverse)

dt1 <- data.frame(x=c("a","b","c","d","e"), y=c(43,52,296,102,157), y2=c(50,10,100,45,80))

ggplot() +
  geom_bar(data=dt1, aes(x=x, y=y), stat="identity",fill="red") +
  coord_flip() +
  geom_text(
    data=dt1,
    aes(
      x=x, y=y,
      label=paste0("$",y," from ",y2," records"),
      hjust=ifelse(y < max(dt1$y) / 1.5, -0.1, 1.1), # <- Here lies the magic
    ),
  )

Results in this plot:

Answer 3

I'm going to misread programmatic as 'pragmatic'. Adding "+ scale_y_continuous(limits=c(0,max(dt1$y)+100))" created sufficient room for the labels. I lack the reputation to upload the plot.

ggplot() + geom_bar(data=dt1, aes(x=x, y=y), stat="identity",fill="red") + coord_flip() + geom_text(data=dt1, aes(x=x, y=y, label=paste0("$",y," from ",y2," records")),hjust=0) + scale_y_continuous(limits=c(0,max(dt1$y)+100))

Edit 2; I altered the code to retrieve the maximum value and add 100 to it. It's still not fitting the plot to include the text specifically but it'll work with fixed labels.