Cast to typeof(self)

Question

Is it possible to make a category (extension) that would eventually return an object casted to instancetype? I have a category to loads SKS files but since this category is for SKNode then all other subclasses like SKScene or SKEmitterNode, etc.. will adopt it too.

So I would simply like to avoid always casting from SKNode to instancetype. Is it possible to change return type to instancetype and make sure that compiler is happy with return value?

I think I can use -> Self as return type but then I have no idea how to cast scene to instancetype so this thing would compile..

For example:

SKEmitterNode.unarchiveFromFile("Blah") would return an instance of SKEmitterNode

extension SKNode {
    class func unarchiveFromFile(file: String) -> SKNode {
        let path = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource(file, ofType: "sks")
        var sceneData = NSData.dataWithContentsOfFile(path, options: .DataReadingMappedIfSafe, error: nil)

        let unarchiver = NSKeyedUnarchiver(forReadingWithData: sceneData)
        unarchiver.setClass(self.classForKeyedUnarchiver(), forClassName: "SKScene")

        let scene = unarchiver.decodeObjectForKey(NSKeyedArchiveRootObjectKey) as SKNode
        unarchiver.finishDecoding()

        return scene
    }
}

Can you change `-> SKNode` to `-> Self` and `as SKNode` to `as Self`? — Aaron Brager, Aug 12 '14 at 18:45
I can change SKNode to Self in definition but I cannot cast `scene` to Self in the end. You probably had the same issue with instancetype in objc :) — pronebird, Aug 12 '14 at 19:00
Right; in Objective-C you'd use `self` in a class method, or `[self class]` in an instance method. — Aaron Brager, Aug 12 '14 at 19:09

score 22 · Accepted Answer · edited May 23 '17 at 11:45

This might work for you. I could not test it because I have not much experience with SpriteKit. But it does compile and the compiler inferred type for

let e = SKEmitterNode.unarchiveFromFile("Blah")

is SKEmitterNode. The idea is to define a generic helper function

func unarchiveFromFileHelper<T where T : SKNode>(file: String) -> T

so that

class func unarchiveFromFile(file: String) -> Self {
    // define helper function ...
    return unarchiveFromFileHelper(file)
}

calls the helper function with T == Self.

extension SKNode {
    class func unarchiveFromFile(file: String) -> Self {

        func unarchiveFromFileHelper<T where T : SKNode>(file: String) -> T {
            let path = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource(file, ofType: "sks")
            var sceneData = NSData.dataWithContentsOfFile(path, options: .DataReadingMappedIfSafe, error: nil)

            let unarchiver = NSKeyedUnarchiver(forReadingWithData: sceneData)
            unarchiver.setClass(T.classForKeyedUnarchiver(), forClassName: "SKScene")

            let scene = unarchiver.decodeObjectForKey(NSKeyedArchiveRootObjectKey) as T
            unarchiver.finishDecoding()
            return scene
        }

        return unarchiveFromFileHelper(file)
    }
}

Update: If you are targeting iOS 8/OS X 10.10 or later then there is no need for a custom unarchive method anymore. As noted in Cannot use unarchiveFromFile to set GameScene in SpriteKit, you can use

convenience init?(fileNamed filename: String)

from the SKNode superclass, e.g.

if let e = SKEmitterNode(fileNamed: "Blah") {
    // ...
}

While this code is valid, swift compiler simply crashed with seg fault in release build :) — pronebird, Aug 12 '14 at 22:09
But moving inner function outside as private class function solves the problem. — pronebird, Aug 12 '14 at 22:19

Cast to typeof(self)

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