According to the Python documentation, when compiling a Python extension on Windows, "you should use the same version of VC++ that was used to build Python itself". The explanation usually given is that the mismatch in VC runtime version will cause problems. However, it is possible to compile extensions using newer Visual Studio versions that appear to work just fine.
What are the cases where the different runtimes would cause problems? The most information I've seen on this topics was this thread on the python-dev mailing list. Is there a (hopefully small) set of use cases that lead to problematic behavior, or is it just a matter of luck that I haven't run into any trouble yet?