It's possible, yes. It's rather like adding some numbers to an existing total - you might accomplish that like this:
my $total = 1 + 2 + 3; # here's the existing total
# let's add some additional numbers
$total = $total + 4 + 5; # the $total variable appears both
# left and right of the equals sign
You can do similar when inserting values to an existing hash...
my %hash = (a => 1, b => 2); # here's the existing hash.
# let's add some additional values
$_ = "c=3" . "\n" . "d=4";
%hash = (%hash, split /[\n=]/); # the %hash variable appears both
# left and right of the equals sign
With addition, there's a nice shortcut for this:
$total += 4 + 5;
With inserting values to a hash, there's no such shortcut.