No because triple DES means 3 times DES with 3 different keys, or with 2 keys if one key is reused. So the size in bits is either 128 bits or 192 bits - if you count the parity bits as part of the key, 112 or 168 bits - if you do not count the parity and even lower values - if you look at the security strength of 3DES.
The key size of 3DES is not its main weakness. The main weakness is the whole construction with weak keys and the 8 byte blocksize. Furthermore, 3DES is much slower than e.g. AES. Just upgrading the key size will only get you much lower performance, without much benefit to security.
The * in the Oracle provider means "any", but that * is only present in the table that displays the key sizes you can use without downloading the unlimited crypto files. The actual key sizes that are supported are listed for the SunJCE provider. That table shows the actual bits in the key used for cryptographic calculations by the way (112 & 168); the encoding will still be 16 or 24 bytes. Note that old(er) Java versions only allow 24 byte keys (which means you have to do some copying of bytes if you have a 16 byte key as input).
Don't use DES, and leave 3DES alone except for backwards compatibility.