If you are looking to pause the scene, you can just do:
self.paused = YES;
which will proliferate across all nodes you've added to the scene as well.
This same flag can be set on individual nodes. Node that paused nodes don't play well with collision detection, and won't run any action-based-animations until you've unpaused them.
self.physicsWorld has a few properties that may be helpful in "slowing down physics" -
self.physicsWorld.gravity = CGVectorMake(0,-4.9);
would be 50% of real-world gravity, for instance. The actual numbers don't really matter much, so definitely tweak the gravity value until it feels right. This is vastly preferred over the next option you can play with:
self.physicsWorld.speed = x;
where the default value of x is 1, and 0 would be the same as pausing all physics calculations.
changing gravity is preferred because it won't also make things bounce slower (for instance).