Is there a way to download the shp format file about eh county boundaries of China in OpenStreetMap?
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You can get the administrative boundary via the Overpass API. The corresponding query is:
relation
["boundary"="administrative"]
["admin_level"="2"]
["name:en"="People's Republic of China"];
(._;>;);
out body;
In order to learn more about the specified tags take a look at the OSM wiki. Especially on relations with the administrative_boundary tag.
The returned XML file has to be converted to a shapefile afterwards.

scai
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1Thanks a lot. I'm not familiar with the Overpass API. But your answer seems pretty efficient. – Ben Mar 05 '14 at 06:36
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I'm not sure if the shp files package also contains the boundary:
http://download.geofabrik.de/asia/china.html
Otherwise get the .poly file and convert it.
Please keep in mind, that political boundaries are a bit problematic and might get abused for different kinds of vandalism or political debates and result in inconsistency.

MaM
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note that the `.poly` file from geofabrik is strongly simplified (and always outside the real border of the country). – tyr Mar 04 '14 at 11:54
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Thanks. I just downloaded this file. But it does not contain the boundary. – Ben Mar 04 '14 at 12:22
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2Now I remember, a German mapper created this service for export: http://osm.wno-edv-service.de:8080/boundaries/ You are looking for "peoples republic of china" and can get SHP, does it work for you? – MaM Mar 04 '14 at 12:27
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