The aim is to produce an .eps file which is not coded with RGB 8-bits per channel, but less (to save diskspace).
To limit number of colors I used in Gnuplot:
set palette maxcolor XXX
which worked and reduce number of colors on the high-resolution plot, I produce using terminal epslatex, pm3d in Gnuplot.
Although the plot itself changes (with respect to the one without maxcolor limitation) and it has limited number of colors, the file is still huge. After inspecting I see why:
identify output.eps
It is coded with True Color:
Type: TrueColorAlpha
red: 8-bit
green: 8-bit
blue: 8-bit
alpha: 8-bit
so occupies more space than it needs to. ImageMagick tricks doesn't work, beacuse they render the .eps and spoil vector information. Do you know how to save/convert this .eps file with less bits per channel?