9

This is probably a simple answer but I can't find it. I have a table with a column of integers and I want to ensure that when a row is inserted that the value in this column is greater than zero. I could do this on the code side but thought it would be best to enforce it on the table.

Thanks!

I was in error with my last comment all is good now.

Andy Lester
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osp70
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  • Could you clarify the edit a bit? I would expect the system to raise an exception if you try to write a value that violates the constraint. – ConcernedOfTunbridgeWells Oct 15 '08 at 17:25
  • what happened to make the first not work? Can you post the exact constraint code you used and the error or problem you got when you tried to insert data? – HLGEM Oct 15 '08 at 17:40

5 Answers5

19

You can use a check constraint on the column. IIRC the syntax for this looks like:

create table foo (
    [...]
   ,Foobar int not null check (Foobar > 0)
    [...]
)

As the poster below says (thanks Constantin), you should create the check constraint outside the table definition and give it a meaningful name so it is obvious which column it applies to.

alter table foo
  add constraint Foobar_NonNegative
      check (Foobar > 0)

You can get out the text of check constraints from the system data dictionary in sys.check_constraints:

select name
      ,description
  from sys.check_constraints
 where name = 'Foobar_NonNegative'
ConcernedOfTunbridgeWells
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6

Create a database constraint:

ALTER TABLE Table1 ADD CONSTRAINT Constraint1 CHECK (YourCol > 0)

You can have pretty sophisticated constraints, too, involving multiple columns. For example:

ALTER TABLE Table1 ADD CONSTRAINT Constraint2 CHECK (StartDate<EndDate OR EndDate IS NULL)
Michael Haren
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  • Don't forget the "NOT NULL". CHECK alone will not reject NULLs. So "EndDate is null" in second example is redundant. – Constantin Oct 16 '08 at 16:15
0

Add a CHECK constraint when creating your table

CREATE TABLE Test(
      [ID] [int]  NOT NULL,
      [MyCol] [int] NOT NULL CHECK (MyCol > 1)
)
Seibar
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0

I believe you want to add a CONSTRAINT to the table field:

ALTER TABLE tableName WITH NOCHECK
ADD CONSTRAINT constraintName CHECK (columnName > 0)

That optional NOCHECK is used to keep the constraint from being applied to existing rows of data (which could contain invalid data) & to allow the constraint to be added.

DOK
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0

you can alter your table and add new constraint like bellow.

BEGIN TRANSACTION
     GO
     ALTER TABLE dbo.table1 ADD CONSTRAINT
        CK_table1_field1 CHECK (field1>0)
     GO
     ALTER TABLE dbo.table1 SET (LOCK_ESCALATION = TABLE)
     GO
COMMIT
Hamid Jolany
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