Given two (low-dimensional, probably 2D) simplicial complexes P and Q, is there an efficient algorithm for constructing P', the subset of P consisting of all points in P which are the closest point to some point q in Q?
For instance, if P and Q were non-degenerately intersecting line segments, P' would be their intersection; if they were non-intersecting, P' would be a point or a segment. If P was a line segment and Q a triangle, P' would be the projection of Q onto P. If P was a triangle and Q was a line intersecting P, P' would consist of several incident line segments, from the interior and/or exterior of the triangle.
Some picture examples: (THE ONE WITH THE POINT INTERSECTION IS INCORRECT)
In general P' seems to consist of the projections of Q onto each face (of any dimensionality) of P, but that description includes a large number of faces which are dominated by higher-dimensional faces, and it's not clear to me how to deal with that efficiently.