I just went through deployment of an SQLite database to an android app. Here's what I've learned.
Instad of deploying my database with the app, I create it on connect and then create the tables if they don't exist.
I also use the TFDConnection component instead of the TSQLConnection component.
So on TFDConnection BeforeConnect:
{$IF DEFINED(IOS) or DEFINED(ANDROID)}
FDConnection1.Params.Values['Database'] :=
TPath.GetDocumentsPath + PathDelim + 'MyDatabase.s3db';
{$ENDIF}
And on TFDConnection AfterConnect:
FDConnection1.ExecSQL('CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS MyTable (myField1 TEXT NOT NULL)');
I just tested this method on the emulator, and my Droid X.
Also make sure you're including the TFDGUIxWaitCursor, and TFDPhysSQLiteDriverLink components.