As you said yourself, put both elements inside a RelativeLayout.
Then, set the "center_horizontal" property of both elements to true, and then set the "below" property of the green element to the id of the black element.
Here is the complete example:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" >
<View
android:id="@+id/view1"
android:layout_width="100dp"
android:layout_height="40dp"
android:background="@color/Black"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:layout_centerVertical="true" />
<View
android:id="@+id/view2"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:layout_below="@+id/view1"
android:background="@color/Green"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />
</RelativeLayout>
("center_vertical" is kinda optional)
Or here, regardless of the other Views position:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" >
<View
android:id="@+id/view1"
android:layout_width="100dp"
android:layout_height="40dp"
android:background="@color/Black"
android:layout_centerVertical="true" />
<View
android:id="@+id/view2"
android:layout_width="40dp"
android:layout_height="100dp"
android:layout_below="@+id/view1"
android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/view1"
android:layout_alignRight="@+id/view1"
android:layout_marginLeft="30dp"
android:layout_marginRight="30dp"
android:background="@color/Green" />
</RelativeLayout>
(In this case, the margins will define the second Views width)
This is the end result:
