I get a linker error - unresolved symbol - when using a (specialized) template class from a DLL (Visual Studio 2008 compiler). I tried to use the 'explicit template instantiation' trick described also here in Stackoverflow, but it didn't work. I broke it down to a very simple reproducable example:
I have a dynamic library (DLL) 'MyTemplates.lib' with a header file 'MyTemplates.h' (and a source file 'MyTemplates.cpp' without any code which simply includes this header file) with the following content:
template <class T>
class A
{
public:
A()
{ int x = 7; }
};
template <class T>
class B : public A<T>
{
public:
B()
{}
};
// do explicit template instantiation for classes A<int> and B<int>
// macro 'MYTEMPLATES_API' is defined in the usual way as:
//#ifdef MYTEMPLATES_EXPORTS
// #define MYTEMPLATES_API __declspec( dllexport )
//#else
// #define MYTEMPLATES_API __declspec(dllimport)
//#endif
template class MYTEMPLATES_API A<int>;
template class MYTEMPLATES_API B<int>;
Now i have another dynamic library 'UserLibary' (which links against 'MyTemplates.lib') with the files 'Util.h' and Util.cpp'. The file 'Util.h' is as follows:
#include "MyTemplates.h"
class UserClass
{
public:
UserClass();
public:
A<int> bla;
B<int> blubb;
};
and the content of the file 'Util.cpp' is:
#include "Util.h"
UserClass::UserClass()
{
}
The problem is now that my library 'UserLibrary' does compile well, but it gives two linker errors as follows:
1>Util.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "__declspec(dllimport) public: __thiscall B<int>::B<int>(void)" (__imp_??0?$B@H@@QAE@XZ) referenced in function "public: __thiscall UserClass::UserClass(void)" (??0UserClass@@QAE@XZ)
1>Util.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "__declspec(dllimport) public: __thiscall A<int>::A<int>(void)" (__imp_??0?$A@H@@QAE@XZ) referenced in function "public: __thiscall UserClass::UserClass(void)" (??0UserClass@@QAE@XZ)
So the linker can not find the symbols for the default constructors of classes A<int>
and B<int>
. Why is this possible, and how can i get rid of these linker errors ? I thought that the explict template instantiation of the class A<int>
and B<int>
(in file 'MyTemplates.h') would solve this, but unfortunately it doesn't seem to help - or am I using it in the wrong way ? My compiler is Visual Studio 2008, operating system is windows 7 64 bit, and code is compiled in 64bit.