1
Is it right, that here i can use instead of Thing any other, more
specific, type, cause Thing is the most generic type?
Sure. More than that - you can use just text if you'd like to (I suppose it is more suitable for book topics). I had the same question a time ago and was redirected to docs:
Expected types vs text. When browsing the schema.org types, you will
notice that many properties have "expected types". This means that the
value of the property can itself be an embedded item (see section 1d:
embedded items). But this is not a requirement—it's fine to include
just regular text or a URL. In addition, whenever an expected type is
specified, it is also fine to embed an item that is a child type of
the expected type. For example, if the expected type is Place, it's
also OK to embed a LocalBusiness.
2
Is it not a problem, that i use the "about"-property more than once on
the page, applied to describe the same creativeObject?
I don't think it is. Last time it was discussed in schema.org WG it was decided that
Right now, it is always allowed to have multiple values. [for properties]
You can find more here and here. But you should keep in mind that all the details of markup usage depends on the specific consumer (Search Engine, etc).