I just spent an hour on the exact same problem on Ubuntu 12.04, and finally figured it out. I had already installed libapache2-mod-perl2 :
$ sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-perl2
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
libapache2-mod-perl2 is already the newest version.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Nonetheless, I kept getting the same error when I tried to install the Apache2::Const module via cpan:
$ cpan Apache2::Const
Going to read '/home/jdoe/.cpan/Metadata'
Database was generated on Sun, 27 Apr 2014 08:29:02 GMT
Warning: Cannot install Apache2::Const, don't know what it is.
Try the command
i /Apache2::Const/
to find objects with matching identifiers.
I finally figured out that Apache2::Const is already installed (in binary I suppose) when libapache2-mod-perl2 is installed:
$ perl -MApache2::Const < /dev/null
$
Therefore Apache2::Const is not supposed to be installed using cpan.