I had never heard of covering indexes before and just came across them. I was reading this page on them and it says..
"A covering index can dramatically speed up data retrieval but may itself be large due to the additional keys, which slow down data insertion & update. To reduce such index size, some systems allow non-key fields to be included in the index. Non-key fields are not themselves part of the index ordering but only included at the leaf level, allowing for a covering index with less overall index size."
So my question is how do you know if your system allows non-key fields to be included in the index?