Some people claim that unscrupulous employers have used drug tests as a cover to use a woman applicant or employee's urine to determine if she is pregnant (or has other medical conditions that might lead to claims on the group health insurance).
In particular, the ACLU claims that in the Washington DC police department admitted it had done this:
In 1988, the Washington, D.C. Police Department admitted it used urine samples collected for drug tests to screen female employees for pregnancy - without their knowledge or consent.
If this one case is true, is this something that happened many times, or is it an isolated incident?