I have read in various online resources proclaiming that Linux is
inherently superior in running PHP than Windows.
Anyone making a claim about "inherent superiority" about a certain platform's performance, without data, is being dishonest or biased. Especially when you might be running the same application on the same processor, just a different OS. Both Linux and Windows are optimized for performance, even if their implementation is different down to the kernel architecture.
Performance is dependent on your specific application environment and workload, plus many other variables.
Find out yourself which platform you like. Deploy your application in production on both Linux and Windows. Pick one based on the ease of development and operations, in addition to any performance criteria.