Reading through the man page for dump
leads me to believe that there are several reasons that its output might be smaller than expected.
- how the total size of the files to be backed up is determined and how the size of the output is determined - different utilities differ in the method they use to calculate totals or have options to set different methods
- an error in specifying what to back up could lead to missing part of what was intended.
- the type of compression used and the compressibility of the original files (which can vary to a great degree), also what role hardware compression may play
- whatever differences in storage efficiency exist between ext3 and the output of
dump
. Ext3 is very efficient so I wouldn't expect a lot of gain here
- which options are selected and the parameters supplied, for example whether inodes are excluded
When you are talking about a "past level 0" are you asking whether it takes into account the contents of the previous backup and abbreviates the new one? My read of the man page is that "level 0" means a full backup, not an incremental one. So the answer is almost certainly "no".