GPOs contain settings that apply to users and Computers. You can apply settings that effect things like Internet access etc. Groups can be used to filter the GPOs. In order for a GPO to apply to your user account or computer account the user or computer will need both the Read and Apply GPO permissions. If you deny either of these then the GPO will not apply. If your grant both of these permissions then the GPO will apply as long as it is linked to the OU (or linked to parent OU / Domain).
What we can do is use groups to filter the GPOs, lets say you want to grant a level of internet access to a set of users you can create the GPO, create a group called something like G_InternetAccess then make sure that the group has both read and apply permissions. link the group to the OUs that contain your users and it will work. alternatively if you have a set of people whom you do not what the GPO applied to make sure they don't have the read and apply permission.
Just be aware that the default permissions for any new GPO is AuthenticatedUsers Read and Apply, so by default GPOS apply to all users and computers when they are linked to an OU or Domain.
To edit permissions for the GPO go to its delegation tab, click advanced and you can see all the permission currently listed.