Your vendor is selling you a simple story to explain something that can be complicated, but theirs is a bit off.
For starters: Hyper Threading does not give you extra cores, it just abstracts task switching away from the operating system and does it on-chip. This gives the appearance of multiple threads to the operating system, so that it can allocate tasks based on thread requirements, but this does not double the capabilities of that core. It just speeds up certain tasks.
VMWare ESXi is hyperthreading aware, so it knows which "cores" are hyperthreading cores and which are "real". So forget about hyperthreading, let ESXi take care of that.
Which means that you have 12 cores to work with. I have no idea where your vendor got the idea that 12 cores gives you 48 vCPUs, except that maybe they assume a 1:4 ratio on vCPU to physical CPU (this is probably some rule of thumb that they pulled from somewhere Kanye West likes to have thumbs put1, but is by no means universal).
Is that enough for what you want to do? Nobody can answer that except for you. You will want to read up on how ESXi allocates vCPUs. Once upon a time (many many years ago) ESX used "strict co-scheduling", which meant to allocate any vCPU cycles, all the vCPUs for that VM had to be avaliable. These days they use "relaxed co-scheduling", ESXi can schedule vCPUs separately.
If you have tiny VMs that barely use any CPU time and barely do any work, then you could get 40 or 50 or even more of them on a 12-core server. But if you have large database servers, or busy terminal servers, or any other sort of CPU-bound process then you are going to get far, far fewer of them on 12 cores.
If you have the need for 6 virtual machines, and each virtual machine needs 8 cores, then I suspect you are going to have contention issues on this host if all of those hosts are busy at the same time.
The only way this question can be answered is by you: You need to know your workload, know your application profiles (do they run at 100% CPU all the time, do they burst when reports are generated, do they run maintenance out of hours, etc), know your hardware, know how the hypervisor allocates its vCPUs, and then you can make an informed decision about the kind of hardware configuration you need.
1His arse