As I understand it, a "Bonded NIC" has two purposes:
- Redundancy in the event of a NIC failure
- Additional bandwidth
The former would only protect against an internet connection failure in the event that:
- More than one ISPs connection did not fail.
- The switches that the bonded NIC connect to did not fail.
- All of the server's local NICs included in the bonded NIC did not fail.
As far as providing additional bandwidth to the server (for instance, during a large backup), you could have it connected two different ways, with more than one internet connection, or just a single internet connection.
In the case that there are two internet connections it seems to go without saying that the server would receive more bandwidth, but in the case that both bonded NICs only have one route to follow (though a single internet connection, or only inside the same LAN), does the server still have more bandwidth to use, or is it limited by the maximum amount of bandwidth on the network?