bashrc not loaded in /bin/bash shell

Question

When I ssh into a server (4.3.3-2-ARCH), my .bashrc is not loaded (however, I can load it manually by sourcing it).

I don't have any other files in my home folder, like .profile. The shell is also correct

$ echo $SHELL
/bin/bash

When I login using ssh -t myserver /bin/bash , my .bashrc IS loaded correctly.

In SSH verbose mode, I do see that /etc/bash.bashrc and ~/.bashrc are loaded using the last command. When using the default ssh command, none of them is being loaded...

What should I configure to have .bashrc (and /etc/bash.bashrc) loaded when using the default ssh command?

score 20 · Accepted Answer · answered Jan 07 '16 at 09:16

20

the ~/.bashrc file is loaded for interactive non-login shells, that's why running /bin/bash from ssh works as you expect.

For login shells (amongst others) ~/.bash_profile is read. Typically your ~/.bash_profile contains something like

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

Which ensures that ~/.bashrc is loaded if your shell is a login shell.

If your ~/.bash_profile contains the above and ~/.bashrc is not being loaded you can debug the scripts by using set -x as usual.

answered Jan 07 '16 at 09:16

user9517

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I do not have a `~/.bash_profile` ... So, I do need to create it with the above lines in it? – intrixius Jan 07 '16 at 09:22
2

https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/Bash-Startup-Files.html – user9517 Jan 07 '16 at 09:26
I created the ~/.bash_profile file and it works... I have installed multiple servers in the past, and I cannot remember that I had to create that to get bashrc working... – intrixius Jan 07 '16 at 09:30
Strange that Ubuntu did not include this files on default. Debian does. – Juergen Schulze Nov 23 '22 at 08:02

score 1 · Answer 2 · answered Jan 07 '16 at 09:56

1

Normally when a user is created it will copy a bunch of files to your new homedirectory (if you chose to create one).

You can check the /etc/skel directory for those files. There should be the .bash_profile that you expected.

answered Jan 07 '16 at 09:56

Koen van der Rijt

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`/etc/skel` does indeed include `.bash_profile` . So i don't know why I did not have it. I just created my user with `useradd username` ... strange – intrixius Jan 07 '16 at 10:43
were the contents of the file as exspected tho ? – Koen van der Rijt Jan 08 '16 at 14:10

score 1 · Answer 3 · answered Oct 29 '18 at 20:43

As none of the previous, it seemd that the user didn't have a shell assigned, so it just show the character $ as prompt.
I had to assign a shell to the user by running the command:

sudo usermod --shell /bin/bash username

After that, the user automatically logged in with a bash shell.

score 0 · Answer 4 · answered Jan 10 '16 at 11:45

Bash reads group of files depending on the invocation of the shell:

Login shell: Basically a shell that it is attached to a tty and comes from an authentication process. This kind of shell reads /etc/profile, ~/.bash_profile, ~/.bash_login and ~/.profile
Non login - interactive shell: Interactive shells that opens without an authentication process. This kind of shell reads /etc/bash.bashrc and ~/.bashrc

You can find more information on: man bash , section INVOCATION

bashrc not loaded in /bin/bash shell

4 Answers4