Your question implies that you're already using the Ohai cookbook to distribute the plugin, and that that much is working - ie, your custom plugin ends up installed to /etc/chef/ohai_plugins
(in the default configuration). If that's the case, it's almost certainly trying to load the plugin - and the plugin is failing.
Ohai doesn't worry about failing plugins - it simply moves on to the next one.
When running by hand, make sure you're telling ohai to look in the additional plugin directory. Here's how that fails (for a custom plugin called 'aws'):
[zts@ip-172-31-39-167 ~]$ ohai aws
[2013-07-25T22:14:53+00:00] INFO: [inet6] no default interface, picking the first ipaddress
/opt/chef/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ohai-6.16.0/lib/ohai/system.rb:247:in `attributes_print': I cannot find an attribute named aws! (ArgumentError)
from /opt/chef/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ohai-6.16.0/lib/ohai/application.rb:101:in `block in run_application'
from /opt/chef/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ohai-6.16.0/lib/ohai/application.rb:100:in `each'
from /opt/chef/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ohai-6.16.0/lib/ohai/application.rb:100:in `run_application'
from /opt/chef/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ohai-6.16.0/lib/ohai/application.rb:75:in `run'
from /opt/chef/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ohai-6.16.0/bin/ohai:51:in `<top (required)>'
from /usr/bin/ohai:23:in `load'
from /usr/bin/ohai:23:in `<main>'
[zts@ip-172-31-39-167 ~]$ ohai aws -d /etc/chef/ohai_plugins
[2013-07-25T22:15:05+00:00] INFO: [inet6] no default interface, picking the first ipaddress
{
"region": "eu-west-1",
"rds": {
<--snip-->
Finally, if you're seeing no output (but no errors), enable debug logging and search through the output to find the part associated with your plugin:
[zts@ip-172-31-39-167 ~]$ ohai aws -d /etc/chef/ohai_plugins -l debug
[2013-07-25T22:17:24+00:00] DEBUG: Loading plugin os
[2013-07-25T22:17:24+00:00] DEBUG: Loading plugin kernel
[2013-07-25T22:17:24+00:00] DEBUG: Loading plugin ruby
[2013-07-25T22:17:24+00:00] DEBUG: Loading plugin languages
<-- huge amounts of logs removed -->
[2013-07-25T22:18:21+00:00] DEBUG: Loading plugin aws
<-- way more logs here -->