Can I ask why you didn't re-install Exchange with the setup /m:RecoverServer
switch? That would probably have made your life much easier.
Have you tried simply replacing the current (presumably empty) .edb files with the ones you have from the backup? Exchange 2010 has something called Database Portability, but I'm not sure how that would work in this instance.
It's quite possible that you've totally trashed your Exchange environment by making changes directly to Active Directory, and if that's the case you might need to speak to Microsoft PSS - however I suspect that since you've manually edited Active Directory they might not be able to help you either.