I would like to be able to temporarily disable all access to an Oracle database, except my own, to be able to perform maintenance actions without interruptions. Simplest way?
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Check out this link:
How to switch Oracle in Single User-Multi Session Mode
During a migration it may be important, that nobody can connect to the database. You may have two possibilities to achieve this
On Table Level using LOCK TABLE
On Database Level using RESTRICTED SESSION
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Short:
ALTER SYSTEM QUIESCE RESTRICTED;
puts the Database in quiesce modeALTER SYSTEM UNQUIESCE;
puts the database back in normal operation

pacey
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This is known as quiescing the database, there are number of options depending on how you want to deal with users who are presently connected. My favourite technique when I'm in a tight change window is STARTUP FORCE RESTRICT.

Gaius
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Additionally, a more basic solution would be to shutdown the listener.

Sébastien Stoetzer
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2This will only work if you have no access from the database server itself. These connections bypass the listener. – Rob van Laarhoven Nov 23 '10 at 08:16