Alright, I got things to work. This is EXACTLY what my sip.conf and extensions.conf looks like, I left all the other configuration files untouched
sip.conf -
a) replace [username], [password], [host] and [port] with the appropriate values
b) because my SIP provider is very finicky, I had to try various values for [host], and sometimes the [host] in the register => line was a different value from [host] in the host= line (but this may not be a problem for others)
[general]
register => [username]:[password]@[host]:[port]
context=default
[mysipprovider]
type=friend
secret=pass
username=[username]
host=host
port=5070
fromuser=[username]
canreinvite=no
;insecure=very
qualify=2000
dtmfmode=inband
nat=yes
extensions.conf
[default]
exten => s,1,Answer
exten => s,n,Wait(1)
exten => s,n,Playback(vm-extension)
exten => s,n,WaitExten()
exten => 55,1,Dial(SIP/mysipacc/3332221111) ; extension 55 calls phone 3332221111
exten => 55,n,Hangup
exten => 66,1,Dial(SIP/mysipacc/1112225555) ; extension 66 calls phone 1112225555
exten => 66,n,Hangup