You want to search Intel Ark for your specific model, and see what the install process and explicit requirements look like.
For example, the most recent (2017) models have a software distribution that supports Ubuntu 17.10, Centos/RHEL 7.x and SLES 12.x - but they also require BIOS "large BAR" support, which older servers may not have:
Enable Large Base Address Registers (BAR) Support in the Platform BIOS
In order for Intel(R) Xeon Phi(TM) coprocessors to function properly in a
platform, BIOS and OS support for large (8GB+) Memory Mapped I/O Base Address
Registers (MMIO BAR's) above the 4GB address limit must be enabled.
By default, most platform BIOS implementations have this set to disabled,
therefore it must be enabled manually in the platform BIOS setup.
This blog explains in detail what to look for in the BIOS. Decoding of 64b PCI resource addresses comes under many names, in my system it is listed as "Above 4G decoding" in the PCI configuration menu.