Yes, it will. And not in 5-6 years, but in 5-6 or perhaps 8 months.
I know because I did it. I cut it down in February, and it started growing in July. I had already thought it won't grow again (in May-June timeframe), but it surprized me in July.
It will grow as a multistem tree once it starts growing again, which is super-exciting, at least for me.
I think stories about multistem trees being “structurally unstable” are rubbish, invented by jaleous people who don't have multistem trees. Check the prices of multistem trees in nurseries. They are multiple times higher than the prices for regular equivalent ones. Certainly people wouldn't be willing to pay 5 or 6 times more for “structurally weak” tree. ;)
I left 10 cm / 4 in of stump. Not sure if it was needed. Perhaps it would regrow from the ground, but I still recommend leaving a small stump.
I am talking about regular maples here, not about japanese ones.
Birches also do the same thing. A multistem birch is a very much appreciated and desirable garden specimen. And incredibly beautiful. Too bad it is “structurally unstable”. ;)