As the other answer says, that is just the order of pouring (for instance, water will immediately mix with coffee, you cannot have a layer of coffee and a layer of water, it is physically impossible)
Aside from that, these things are quite country specific.
In Italy, for instance, caffè breve definitely would not be that. If you order a caffè breve in Italy you'll get a ristretto (and a weird look possibly, as caffè breve is an odd way of saying it) that is a short espresso (breve means short in Italian).
Caffèlatte is just milk + coffee, there is no foam on top.
Espresso macchiato is espresso + a dash (not as much as in the picture) of milk. The milk can be cold (macchiato freddo) or hot (macchiato caldo).
Most of the other things seems quite in the line with what you generally see in the US or in the UK I guess.