crudus

Latin

Etymology

Possibly from *crūrus (with dissimilation), from Proto-Italic *krūros, from Proto-Indo-European *kruh₂rós, from *krewh₂- (“raw meat, fresh blood”). Cognate with English raw.

Pronunciation

Adjective

crūdus (feminine crūda, neuter crūdum, comparative crūdior, superlative crūdissimus); first/second-declension adjective

  1. raw, bloody, bleeding
  2. immature, unripe, premature
  3. unprepared, raw, uncooked
  4. (figuratively) crude, cruel, rough

Declension

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Descendants
  • Aromanian: crud
  • → Asturian: crudu
  • Catalan: cru
  • Dalmatian: croit
  • Franco-Provençal: cru
  • Friulian: crût, crûd
  • Italian: crudo
  • Ligurian: crûo
  • → Middle English: crude
    • English: crude (see there for further descendants)
  • Occitan: crus
  • Old French: cru
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: cruu
    • Galician: cru
    • Portuguese: cru (see there for further descendants)
  • Piedmontese: cru
  • Romanian: crud
  • Romansch: criv, criu, criev, crüj
  • Sardinian: cru, crudu, cruo, cruu
  • Sicilian: crudu
  • → Spanish: crudo
  • Venetian: cruo, cru, cruf

References
  • “crudus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “crudus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • crudus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
  • crudus in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
  • Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
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